TL1A

Satya Bio Report | Updated February 2, 2026

Curated Database - Investment-grade data, manually verified (Last updated: 2026-01-29)
$18.6B
Committed Capital
2
Phase 3 Assets
1
BTD Designations
6
Active Trials
8
Curated Assets

Investment Metrics

$18.6B
Committed
(upfront + equity)
$20.1B
Total Potential
(w/ milestones)
2
Phase 3 Assets
1
BTD Designations
4
Deals Tracked
Largest Deal: Tulisokibart (PRA023, MK-7240) — $10.8B committed to Prometheus Biosciences (acquired) ($10.8B potential with milestones)

Investment Thesis

TL1A is the hottest target in IBD with $22B+ in deal activity and dual inflammation/fibrosis mechanism
Key Investment Points:
  • Genetic validation: TNFSF15 variants associated with IBD risk in GWAS studies
  • Dual mechanism: Blocks both inflammation AND fibrosis progression
  • Massive M&A: Merck ($10.8B for Prometheus), Roche ($7.25B for Telavant)
  • Three Phase 3 assets racing: tulisokibart, duvakitug, afimkibart
  • Best-in-class potential: Some programs showing 25-30% placebo-adjusted remission
Market Opportunity:
Total: $25B global IBD market (2024), growing to $35B by 2030
Target: $8-12B peak revenue potential for best-in-class TL1A inhibitor
Population: 3.5M patients in US/EU with IBD; ~40% inadequate response to current therapies
Key Catalysts:
• Tulisokibart: ARTEMIS-CD Phase 3 readout (Crohn's Disease) (H2 2025)
• Tulisokibart: ARTEMIS-UC Phase 3 readout (Ulcerative Colitis) (H1 2026)
• Duvakitug: Phase 3 initiation in UC (Q1 2025)

Efficacy Comparison

Head-to-head comparison of clinical efficacy data across development programs (sorted by placebo-adjusted response)

Drug Trial Dose Endpoint Result Placebo Δ vs Placebo Population Source
Tulisokibart (PRA023) ARTEMIS-UC 1000mg → 500mg Q4W Endoscopic Improvement 49% 13% 36% ★ TL1A-high biomarker positive NEJM 2024
Afimkibart (RVT-3101) Phase 2 150mg Q4W Clinical Response 70% 35% 35% All patients ACG 2023
Duvakitug (TEV-48574) RELIEVE UCCD 1000mg Q4W Clinical Remission 47.8% 20.4% 27.4% All patients DDW 2024
Tulisokibart (PRA023) ARTEMIS-UC 1000mg → 500mg Q4W Clinical Remission 26% 1% 25% TL1A-high biomarker positive NEJM 2024
Afimkibart (RVT-3101) Phase 2 150mg Q4W Clinical Remission 35% 12% 23% All patients ACG 2023
Duvakitug (TEV-48574) RELIEVE UCCD 500mg Q4W Clinical Remission 32.6% 20.4% 12.2% All patients DDW 2024

★ = Best-in-class result | Purple = biomarker-selected population

Competitive Differentiation

Strategic positioning and key differentiators for each development program

Drug Strategy Dosing Biomarker Half-Life Beyond Lead Indication
Tulisokibart (PRA023) Precision medicine 1000mg → 500mg Q4W SC Yes (TL1A-high) ~14 days SSc-ILD, RA explored
Duvakitug (TEV-48574) Best-in-class efficacy 500-1000mg Q4W SC No ~21 days IBD only
Afimkibart (RVT-3101) Multi-indication expansion 150mg Q4W SC No ~14 days AD, MASH, Celiac potential
SAR443765 (Bispecific) Dual-target synergy TBD No TBD IBD focus

Key Risks

Risk Severity Mitigation
Crowded competitive landscape with 3+ Phase 3 assets High Differentiation through precision medicine (biomarker selection) or best-in-class efficacy
Cross-trial comparison challenges make differentiation unclear Medium Phase 3 data will clarify; some head-to-head studies possible
Safety signals in large trials could derail class Medium Phase 2 data shows clean safety profiles across programs
Payer resistance if efficacy not clearly differentiated Medium Fibrosis benefit may provide unique value proposition

Trials by Phase

Not Applicable
1
Phase 2
2
Phase 1
2
Phase 4
1
Phase 3
3

Top Sponsors

SponsorTrialsType
Biocad 3 Industry
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC 3 Industry
Bispebjerg Hospital 1 Academic
Vial Australia Pty Ltd 1 Industry
Nova Scotia Health Authority 1 Academic

Competitive Landscape: TL1A Assets (8)

8 assets tracked • 4 deals worth $18.6B • 2 in Phase 3

By Modality

mAb7 ($18.6B)
Bispecific1

By Phase

Phase 32
Phase 23
Phase 13

By Owner Type

Big Pharma6
Biotech2

Regulatory Designations

BTD1
ODD0
PRIME0
Fast Track2
Tulisokibart (PRA023, MK-7240)
PRA023, MK-7240, tulisokibart
Phase 3 Active
mAb Fully human IgG1 anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody
Merck (Big Pharma)
Lead: Ulcerative Colitis
$10.8B committed to Prometheus Biosciences (acquired)
• $10.8B upfront
• Total potential: $10.8B
26% remission (25% placebo-adj) in TL1A-high patients; 49% endoscopic improvement (NEJM 2024)
Afimkibart (RVT-3101, RG6631)
RVT-3101, RG6631, afimkibart
Phase 3 Active
mAb Fully human IgG1 anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody
Roche (Big Pharma)
Lead: Ulcerative Colitis
$7.3B committed to Roivant/Telavant (acquired)
• $7.3B upfront
• Total potential: $7.3B
70% clinical response, 35% remission in UC Phase 2 (ACG 2023)
Duvakitug (TEV-48574, SAR447189)
TEV-48574, SAR447189, duvakitug
Phase 2 Active
mAb Fully human IgG1 anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody
Teva (Big Pharma) + Sanofi
Lead: Ulcerative Colitis
$500M committed to Sanofi
• $500M upfront
• Up to $1.0B in milestones
• Total potential: $1.5B
47.8% remission (27.4% placebo-adj) at 1000mg Q4W - BEST IN CLASS (DDW 2024)
PF-06480605
PF-06480605
Phase 2 Active
mAb Anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody (IgG1)
Pfizer (Big Pharma)
Lead: Ulcerative Colitis
Phase 2 TUSCANY study ongoing
ABBV-274
ABBV-274
Phase 1 Active
mAb Anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody
AbbVie (Big Pharma)
Lead: Ulcerative Colitis
DC-806
DC-806
Phase 1 Active
mAb Anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody
Dualitas Bio (Biotech)
Lead: Crohn's Disease
ANB032
ANB032
Phase 1 Active
mAb Anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody
AnaptysBio (Biotech) + GSK
Lead: Inflammatory diseases
$45M committed to GSK
• $45M upfront
• Up to $500M in milestones
• Total potential: $545M
GSK partnered for development
SAR443765 (TL1A x IL-23 Bispecific)
SAR443765
Phase 2 Active
Bispecific Bispecific antibody targeting TL1A and IL-23 p19
Sanofi (Big Pharma)
Lead: Crohn's Disease
First-in-class bispecific combining two validated IBD targets

BTD Breakthrough Therapy   ODD Orphan Drug   PRIME EU Priority   FT Fast Track

Clinical Trials (9)

NCT IDTitlePhaseStatusSponsorEnrollmentStart
NCT01744327 TL1A Expression in Psoriatic Skin Not Applicable Unknown Bispebjerg Hospital 20 2012-12
NCT07080034 Study of the Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Immunogenicity of BCD-261 in Subjects With Moderate to Severe Active Ulcerative Colitis Phase 2 Recruiting Biocad 198 2025-08-14
NCT07029971 A First-in-Human Study of BB-TL1A-VIAL-HLE in Healthy Adults and People With Ulcerative Colitis Phase 1 Terminated Vial Australia Pty Ltd 16 2025-06-23
NCT06715540 Safety, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, and Immunogenicity of Ascending Doses BCD-261 in Healthy Subjects Phase 1 Recruiting Biocad 48 2024-03-29
NCT01229202 Use of Bevacizumab to Modulate the Outcomes of Trabeculectomy Surgery Phase 4 Withdrawn Nova Scotia Health Authority - 2008-07
NCT07078994 Clinical Study of the Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Immunogenicity of BCD-261 in Subjects With Moderate to Severe Active Crohn's Disease Phase 2 Recruiting Biocad 204 2025-08-14
NCT06430801 A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Tulisokibart (MK-7240) in Participants With Moderate to Severe Crohn's Disease (MK-7240-008) Phase 3 Recruiting Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC 1200 2024-06-05
NCT06651281 Extension Study of Long-term Safety and Efficacy of Tulisokibart in Participants With Crohn's Disease or Ulcerative Colitis (MK-7240-011) Phase 3 Recruiting Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC 1380 2024-11-25
NCT06052059 A Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Tulisokibart (MK-7240) in Participants With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis (MK-7240-001) Phase 3 Recruiting Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC 1020 2023-10-25

Publications (50)

PMIDTitleAuthorsJournalYear
35911746 Role of TL1A in Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Xu, Li, Huang [object Object] 2022
39266053 Targeting TL1A and DR3: the new frontier of anti-cytokine therapy in IBD. Bamias, Menghini, Pizarro et al. [object Object] 2025
38574740 TL1A inhibition for inflammatory bowel disease treatment: From inflammation to fibrosis. Solitano, Jairath, Ungaro et al. [object Object] 2024
40010414 TL1A, a novel alarmin in airway, intestinal, and autoimmune disorders. Varricchi, Poto, Criscuolo et al. [object Object] 2025
39907869 TL1A Inhibition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Pipeline Review. Solitano, Estevinho, Ungaro et al. [object Object] 2025
30972074 TL1A (TNFSF15) and DR3 (TNFRSF25): A Co-stimulatory System of Cytokines With Diverse Functions in Gut Mucosal Immunity. Valatas, Kolios, Bamias [object Object] 2019
33475057 TL1A: A New Potential Target in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Furfaro, Alfarone, Gilardi et al. [object Object] 2021
39772947 The TL1A inhibitors in IBD: what's in the pot? Lusetti, Bezzio, De Bernardi et al. [object Object] 2025
34126262 Anti-TL1A Antibody PF-06480605 Safety and Efficacy for Ulcerative Colitis: A Phase 2a Single-Arm Study. Danese, Klopocka, Scherl et al. [object Object] 2021
29436901 An anti-TL1A antibody for the treatment of asthma and inflammatory bowel disease. Clarke, Poulton, Shim et al. [object Object] 2018
39521604 TL1A: A model for a precision medicine approach in the treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Bilsborough, Targan [object Object] 2024
32958689 TL1A Promotes Lung Tissue Fibrosis and Airway Remodeling. Herro, Miki, Sethi et al. [object Object] 2020
40507829 TL1A as a Target in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Exploring Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Tettoni, Gabbiadini, Dal Buono et al. [object Object] 2025
18598698 TL1A (TNFSF15) regulates the development of chronic colitis by modulating both T-helper 1 and T-helper 17 activation. Takedatsu, Michelsen, Wei et al. [object Object] 2008
39321363 Phase 2 Trial of Anti-TL1A Monoclonal Antibody Tulisokibart for Ulcerative Colitis. Sands, Feagan, Peyrin-Biroulet et al. [object Object] 2024
38597952 TL1A is an epithelial alarmin that cooperates with IL-33 for initiation of allergic airway inflammation. Schmitt, Duval, Camus et al. [object Object] 2024
33097818 Direct signaling of TL1A-DR3 on fibroblasts induces intestinal fibrosis in vivo. Jacob, Kumagai, Abraham et al. [object Object] 2020
31081141 Association between TL1A gene polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus in a Chinese Han population. Xu, Fu, Liu et al. [object Object] 2019
41389712 TL1A blockade in inflammatory bowel diseases: Clinical trials to watch. D'Amico, Peyrin-Biroulet, Jairath et al. [object Object] 2025
38842774 TL1A Promotes Fibrogenesis in Colonic Fibroblasts via the TGF-β1/Smad3 Signaling Pathway. Song, Sun, Li et al. [object Object] 2024

Top Authors (20)

Authors ranked by publication count from PubMed search results

NameInstitutionPublicationsFirst AuthorLast AuthorStatus
Silvio Danese Salute San Raffaele University 8 2 3 Active
Stephan R Targan Widjaja Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute 7 0 4 Active
Jun Zhang Indiana University 7 0 0 Active
Giorgos Bamias University of Athens 5 1 4 Active
Xiao-Lan Zhang The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 5 0 4 Active
Vipul Jairath Western University 4 0 1 Active
Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet University of Lorraine 4 0 0 Active
Kenneth E Hung Pfizer Inc 4 0 2 Active
Jessica R Allegretti s Hospital 3 0 0 Active
Michael S Vincent Pfizer Inc 3 0 0 Active
Mina Hassan-Zahraee Pfizer Inc 3 1 0 Inactive
Srividya Neelakantan Pfizer Inc 3 0 0 Active
Christopher Lepsy Pfizer Inc 3 0 1 Inactive
Deepa E Chandra Pfizer Inc 3 0 0 Active
Kathrin S Michelsen Sinai Medical Center 3 0 0 Inactive
Brian G Feagan University of Calgary 3 1 1 Active
David Q Shih Sinai Medical Center 3 1 0 Inactive
Xiao-Yan Liu Southwest Medical University 3 1 0 Active
Jia-Min Wang Southwest Medical University 3 0 0 Active
Jia Song The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University 3 1 0 Active